Toddler covid insomnia9/23/2023 ![]() ![]() This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: Ethical restrictions (Institutional ethics board, University of Fribourg) apply to this paper, which prevents the public sharing of individual data that contain potentially sensitive information. Received: JAccepted: NovemPublished: January 11, 2023Ĭopyright: © 2023 Beaugrand et al. ![]() PLoS ONE 18(1):Įditor: Manuel Spitschan, University of Oxford, UNITED KINGDOM This aligns with observations in animals that inducing poor sleep during developmental periods affects later brain function.Ĭitation: Beaugrand M, Muehlematter C, Markovic A, Camos V, Kurth S (2023) Sleep as a protective factor of children’s executive functions: A study during COVID-19 confinement. ![]() These findings highlight that specifically acute changes of children’s nighttime sleep during sensitive periods are associated with behavioral outcome consequences. Associations were specific to the confinement-induced sleep-change and not the sleep behavior before confinement. Indeed, acutely increased nighttime awakenings related to reduced inhibition at FOLLOW-UP. A first survey referred to the (retrospective) time before and (acute) situation during confinement, and a follow-up survey assessed executive functions 6 months later (6 months retrospectively). With an online survey during the acute confinement phase we analyzed sleep behavior in 45 children (36–72 months). We hypothesized that acutely increased night awakenings and sleep latency relate to reduced later executive functions. By using the COVID-19 confinement as an observational-experimental intervention, we tested whether worsened children’s sleep affects executive functions outcomes 6 months downstream. Accordingly, we propose children’s sleep behavior as essential for healthy cognitive development. Longitudinally, sleep quality predicts later behavioral-cognitive outcomes. Already preschool children experienced acutely worsened sleep, yet the possible resulting effects on executive functions remain unexplored. Confinements due to the COVID-19 outbreak affected sleep and mental health of adults, adolescents and children. ![]()
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